Measures of state support of the banking system in a crisis

The article examines the trends in the development of the banking system of the Russian Federation in the context of geopolitical tension. Sanctions imposed by the United States and the European Union against Russia caused the outflow of funds from the financial sector of the country. The article highlights the focus and consequences of the introduction of massive packages of restrictive measures against Russia and their impact on the country’s banking sector. The author gives the concrete examples of the actions of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation to maintain the financial stability of the banking sector are given, analyzes the strategies of banks and their adjustments that can be applied to maintain the efficiency of the banking sector, and shows the role of subordinated bonds as a source of banks’ own funds. In addition, the study reveals the relationship and interdependence of the actions of the Bank of Russia in terms of macroprudential regulation of the retail lending market and the reaction of both the banking sector and the population to them. Special attention is focused on those actions that led in some periods not only to a slowdown in the growth of lending, but also those that made it possible to ensure the liquidity and profitability of banking operations. Based on the identified trends, the article characterizes new instruments of macroprudential regulation, such as macroprudential limits, and assesses the prospects for their introduction into the practice of banking institutions in the face of unprecedented sanctions and complications in the functioning of the credit market. Based on the results of the study, the study proposes the ways of improving the Russian economy and banking industry and considers options for further development of the Russian banking system in the conditions of sanctions pressure of unfriendly states.