Estimation of genetic originality of natural populations of two species of woody plant on Ural

To identify the genetic originality of species of woody plant gene pools was conducted the research of 7 populations of trembling poplar or aspen Populus tremula L., Salicaceae and 9 populations of Siberian Larch Larix sibirica Ledeb., Pinaceae ; namely of West race on Ural. To determine the genetic diversity of populations two species of woody plant was used ISSR-method of fingerprinting. In P. tremula were revealed 119 ISSR-PCR markers, in L. sibirica - 121 ISSR-PСR markers. The groups of genetic characteristics at the level of populations were determined and analyzed. For the analysis of gene pools, the number of molecular markers, the proportion of polymorphic loci, the expected heterozygosity, the number of rare and unique alleles are usually determined. Unique alleles are recognized as more informative for assessing the specificity of gene pools. To describe the specificity of plant gene pools, one can recommend the indicator of the intrapopulation variety μ, but it shows only the uniformity of the dispersion of allele frequencies. Determination of the genetic originality of population gene pools can be carried out with the help of characteristics of the specificity of gene pools, as the coefficient of genetic originality of plants (CGO) but taking into account the presence and number of unique alleles. In 2 studied plant species ( P. tremula and L. sibirica ), populations in the Urals with basic and specific gene pools are indicated and populations are selected for their conservation.