Evaluation of economically valuable traits and properties of new pea lines at the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Lugansk State Agrarian University

In Russia one of the first places among grown leguminous crops belongs to pea. Its grain contains on the average up to 27.8% proteins, up to 54% carbohydrates, about 1.5% fat, up to 7% sugars and other valuable nutrients. Pea protein is complete in amino acid composition and is digested 1.6 times better than the protein of cereals. Obtaining high and stable yields in changing climatic conditions is the main task, the solution of which is inherently connected with genetic modification of plant genotype to increase the technological efficiency of cultivation. Over the past few years, the volume of pea production has decreased to some extent and the main reason was unstable and relatively low yields, lodging of crops, which significantly complicated harvesting. The introduction of new varieties, maximally adapted to regional growing conditions, has a significant impact on increasing yields. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the breeding material in a competitive variety test on the basis of the experimental field of the Lugansk State Agrarian University by the staff of the laboratory of selection and primary seed production of leguminous crops and to select promising lines of pea for further breeding work. During the selection study of the material differences in the level of development of economically valuable traits were revealed, the peculiarities of the influence of agrometeorological conditions on the duration of individual phases of vegetation, the formation of yield structure elements, yield and protein content in seeds were studied. Competitive promising lines 53/20 and 102/20 exceeding the standard in yield by 0.26 and 0.29 t/ha or 14.6 and 16.3% and protein content by 0.4 and 0.8%, respectively, were identified. Resistance to lodging was shown. Promising high-yielding pea lines with increased plant resistance to lodging and seed shedding suitable for harvesting with direct combining have been revealed.