The evaluation of new selection forms of cherry plum (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.) in the steppe Crimea conditions

The purpose of the study is to evaluate 24 new breeding forms of cherry plum and select promising genotypes for use in further selection for adaptive traits and cultivation in the steppe Crimea. As a result of a comprehensive study, the following genotypes have been selected - 8/27, 90-54, 14/7, 9/14, 11/12 with late blooming. The forms are also distinguished: with early (9/18, 12/1B, 720, 737) and late (90-249, 8/27, 99-36) fruit maturation. The selection forms are marked, the weight of fruits in which is not inferior to the control variety: 90-213, 9/14, 9/7, 15/30A, 11/12, 10/3, 12/3A, 14/7. In the period 2017-2020 the forms with high resistance of generative organs to recurrent frosts were selected: 9/14, 15/27, 90-54. 10 forms of cherry plum are distinguished by higher drought resistance: 90-249, 90-213, 12/1B, 14/7, 12/2, 16/11a, 12/33, 99-36, 737, 720. Frost-resistant genotypes revealed during artificial freezing are: 90-249, 90-213, 90-54, 9/28, 12/1B, 9/14, 720, 737, 99-36, 12/3A, 16/11a, 8/27, 12/33. 11 breeding forms were identified for high frost resistance in the field, (90-213, 9/14, 9/15, 737, 99-36, 12/3A, 12/1B, 12/2, 14/7, 16/22 and 12/33). In 2020, five genotypes 720, 737, 99-36 are distinguished by the resistance to recurrent spring frosts, which preserved fruits after recurrent frosts. The same genotypes are also isolated during artificial freezing. They are obtained with the participation of the varieties Crumskaya Sharovidnaya, Pionerka, Obilnaya, Ashtarakskaya No. 2, Nagrada, Pobeda and Rapsodiaya. According to the complex of adaptive characteristics, four forms are selected: 15/30A, 10/3, 15/27, 99-36; two breeding forms are of interest for cultivation in the steppe Crimea: 9/14 and 11/12.