The assessment of the indicators of stress resistance, stability and plasticity of winter rye varieties according to the "mass of 1000 grains"

The purpose of the research was to identify the indicators of plasticity, stability, stress resistance and homeostaticity of the "mass of 1000 grains" indicator of new rye varieties in the conditions of the Northwest Region. Nine varieties of winter rye on one of the main signs of productivity - "the mass of 1000 grains" were studied. For the years of studying (2012-2017) the fineness of grain changed from 30.0 g in the variety Krasnoyarskaya Universalnaya to 48.1 g in the variety Rushnik 2. The "year" factor had a great influence on obtaining this sign - 65.5 %, and the "variety" factor had 20.1 % influence, which allowed calculating adaptive properties. The best conditions for receiving large grain were noted in 2013, 2015, 2016 and 2017 (45.7; 42.5; 40.9; 41.3 g respectively). The worst conditions were observed in 2012 and 2014 - the mass of 1000 grains decreased to 36.7 and 37.3 g respectively. The analysis of the ranking of the varieties by average weight of 1000 grains over the six years of testing revealed that the following varieties had the advantage in size: Nika 3, Yantarnaya; Vavilovskaya, Rushnik 2; Novaya Era. The results of the research were used in a series of mathematical parameters of the estimation of the indicators of stress-resistance, stability and plasticity, namely: the indicator of the level of stability classes (Puss), the index of ecological plasticity (IEP), the coefficient of responsiveness (Cu.), the ratio of stress (Ymin-Ymax), compensatory capacity (Ymax+Ymin/2), the coefficient of ecological plasticity (O), using which allowed to identify the best varieties of winter rye: Yantarnaya, Vavilovskaya, Bereginya, Nika-3, Era. The varieties mentioned above were characterized by a lower sum of ranks (21-29) and were the most adapted to form a large, heavy grain.