Evaluation of productivity of oil flax varieties in the conditions of the Sverdlovsk region

Oil flax was grown on gray forest soils of the Sverdlovsk region. The purpose of the research was to compare the yield of new varieties of oil flax, to justify the yield value by elements of the yield structure and to determine the seed quality by biochemical composition. The research method was a field experiment with variance analysis of experimental data. We established that in the Sverdlovsk region, even in extreme meteorological conditions, it is possible to obtain the oil flax yield of 1.8-2.2 t/ha. In the ecological trial, the varieties Uralsky, VNIIMK 620 FN, RFN, Fliz, Rachel and Lirina were distinguished by early maturity, in which the growing season was 82 days, which is 10 days shorter than late-maturing varieties. According to the seed yield in the conditions of 2021, the varieties Lirina (2.04 t/ha), Uralsky (1.88 t/ha), VNIIMK 620 FN (1.71 t/ha), Fliz (1.64 t/ha) and Rachel (1.73 t/ha) were distinguished. With small differences between varieties in plant density, the yield value was determined by the optimal combination of the main elements of its structure - the number of pods per 1 plant, seeds in a pod and the thousand-seed weight. The highest yield in the competitive trial was formed by the variety Uralsky yellow (2.28 t/ha). By thousand-seed weight, it is inferior to the variety Northern (standard with brown seeds), but exceeds the similar variety LM 98 with yellow seeds by 1.32 g. In the warm and arid conditions of 2021, flax seeds were characterized by increased oil content. By this trait, the varieties August (48.6%), RFN (46.9%) and Azurite (46.6%) were distinguished.