Health risk assessment of exposure to chemical substances polluting ambient air in the city of Kazan based on the laboratory data of various departments

Ambient air monitoring in the city of Kazan is undertaken by monitoring systems of three different departments. Unacceptable risk levels from exposure to particulate matter are being formed in the city, which is confirmed by the monitoring performed by all the departments. The most hazardous are particulate matter smaller than 10 and 2.5 microns. Exposure to this particulate matter causes unacceptable levels of non-carcinogenic risks in almost all the studied areas. Exposure to formaldehyde and soot forms both unacceptable carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks. According to the data of the three departments, mutual validation of the results can be observed but there are still significant differences in the results for particular pollutants, which makes it impossible to make sufficiently substantiated management decisions.