Potato varieties evaluation according to yield, adaptability and stability parameters in the North Caucasus region conditions

The objective of research is to study potato varieties in terms of productivity, adaptability, ecological plasticity and stability based on the "yield" feature in the agroecological conditions of the North Caucasus Region. The studies were carried out at the experimental base of OOO FAT-AGRO, Prigorodny District, Republic of North Ossetia - Alania in 2020-2023. The object of the study is 46 promising domestic potato varieties. Phenological observations, determination of biometric indicators of plants, tuber quality, statistical processing of yield data were carried out according to generally accepted methods. During the growing season, potato samples were assessed by ripening time, morphological characteristics of tubers and yield. The productive and adaptive potential of the variety in terms of "yield" was assessed according to the method of L.A. Zhivotkov, Z.A. Morozova, L.I. Sekutaeva. Potato varieties that ensure the formation of a consistently high yield in changing environmental conditions have been identified. High yield (over 40 t/ha) was noted in early varieties: Konkurent, Ariel', Gulliver, Karmen, Triumf - 49.2; 46.6; 44.0; 46.0; 33.0 t/ha, respectively. In the group of mid-early varieties, the yield range is 25.5-39.8 t/ha, the highest productivity in 2023 was shown by the varieties Babushka, Mirazh, Izyuminka - 36.6; 39.8; 37.4 t/ha, respectively. The highest yield among mid-season varieties was noted in the varieties Alyaska, Grand, Krasa Meshchera, Prajm in comparison with the standards. The studies of varieties by adaptability parameters gave the following results: the adaptability coefficient (AC) over one was 10 (71 %) varieties in the early maturity group, 12 (80 %) varieties in the mid-early group and 6 (37 %) varieties in the mid-season group.