Evaluation of black currant breeding cultivars of the FSBSO FSC of horticulture according to statistical adaptability indicators

The aim of the study is to compare blackcurrant varieties in terms of phenotypic plasticity, stability and environmental sustainability in the southwestern Non-Black Earth Region of Russia and to assess their breeding value. The studies were carried out in 2021-2023 on plots of the blackcurrant variety collection of the Kokino Base Station of the of FSBSO FSC of Horticulture in the Bryansk Region. The objects of research were 12 varieties bred by the FSBSO FSC of Horticulture. Agricultural technology for growing blackcurrant is generally accepted in the Non-Black Earth Zone of Russia. Of the 12 studied genotypes, 4 varieties were identified with a linear regression coefficient bi = 1.13-2.38, i.e. they have high genetic plasticity and easily adapt to changing environmental conditions (Bryanskij Agat, Barmalej, Favorit, Strelec). As a result of studying the parameters of ecological plasticity and stability of black currant, it was established that the varieties bred by the FSC of Horticulture have breeding value in creating new genotypes with high adaptation. The combination of high productivity, plasticity, stability and high-intensity type (bi > 1, Si2 = 0) is noted in the variety Bryanskij Agat, which is of interest as a source for breeding forms with stable productivity. High productivity, large-fruitedness and semi-intensive type of the variety Kaskad allow us to recommend it for breeding when creating stably fruiting genotypes with low reaction to deterioration of environmental conditions. The varieties Vera, Podarok Veteranam, Gamayun, Debryansk, Mif, Kudesnik show the best results in unfavorable cultivation conditions. The varieties Kaskad, Vera and Kudesnik are distinguished by stress resistance (Umin - Umax = -0.4…-0.5), and Mif, Favorit and Debryansk are distinguished by genetic flexibility ((Umin + Umax)/2 = 11.9-12.1).