Evaluation of cherry cultivars of the ARRIFCB genetic collection as paternal forms during hybridization crossings

This article presents the results of a comparison of sour cherry cultivars of different ecological and geographical origin, which are in the genetic collection of the All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding, when used as paternal forms in the implementation of targeted hybridization crosses. The study included 30 cultivars most commonly used in hybridization. The varieties were divided into groups 1 and 2 according to their origin. Group 1 included cultivars of selection directly from the All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crops Breeding, while group 2 was represented by cultivars obtained in other research institutions or through folk selection. The studies were carried out on the garden plantations of stone fruit crops of the All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crops Breeding based on data collected for 12 years, from 2010 to 2021. Based on the results of the studies, it was found that the difference in fruit set between groups 1 and 2 was minimal (in group 1, the set was 14.4%, in group 2 - 14.1%), which did not allow us to identify the most preferable group in this regard. A number of cultivars with high fruit set were identified during crosses using these accessions as paternal forms. These cultivars include Lyubskaya, Shokoladnitsa, Novella, Livenskaya, Orleya, Griot Ostgeymsky, Nochka, Orlitsa, Putinka, their setting rate exceeded 20%. There are also several varieties with fruit set below 10%, which is a low indicator.