Assessment of the state of arable soils as a result of the use of complex fertilizers based on molasses

Economic activity has a significant negative impact on the condition of the soil cover. At the same time, the impact can be exerted both directly and indirectly. The most significant factors that have a negative impact are manifested at the stage of exposure, and are aggravated in the process of using and reducing the level of soil fertility. Because of improper use, pollution, littering of arable lands on the territory of the Russian Federation, there is an increase in soil degradation processes [2]. The development of this process was facilitated by the reduction of the complex of works on the protection of soils and land resources, irrational farming, destruction of soil and vegetation cover as a result of industrial, irrigation construction, sewage discharge, etc. The purpose of the research is to assess the condition of arable land after the application of complex fertilizers based on molasses. 1200 tons of complex fertilizer based on molasses processing product were added to land plots with an area of 103.5 hectares and 53 hectares. To assess the degree of soil contamination with heavy metals, 5 soil samples were selected; for agrochemical analysis from four sites - 18 soil samples, of which 4 are control samples. The analysis of the content of mobile forms of heavy metals in all the studied samples did not show exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations. The concentration coefficient calculated in relation to the background content showed an excess of the mobile forms of cobalt in comparison with the control sample by 20-44 times, arsenic by 188-197 times, lead by 50-156.67 times, zinc by 60-780 times. According to the content of the main elements of nutrition, in the next 7.9 - 9.5 years, the soil of the studied areas will become degraded. To reduce the negative impact of degradation processes in the soil, it is necessary to develop and implement a system of measures, taking into account the characteristics of natural complexes.