Loneliness and suicidal behavior: historical aspect and definitions

Loneliness (hereinafter referred to as L) in the models of suicidal behavior (SB) is not directly included in the extensive (expanding) set of risk factors. However, L. represents a serious clinical, social and spiritual problem in a wide age range, entailing an increased risk of distress, mental disorders (such as depression), L., physical illnesses, and therefore attracts growing interest in public health throughout the world. Within the framework of the cognitivecommunicative paradigm of knowledge with the categories of "concept" and "discourse", the review examines the multidimensional phenomenon of L. in philosophical, psychological, clinical, linguistic and lexicographic aspects. The definitions and typology of L. are clarified, the socio-clinical and economic consequences of L. and ways to alleviate its burden at the individual and societal levels are shown.