Omskij malahit - a novelty in durum spring wheat breeding of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center”

The objective of research is to create a mid-season durum spring wheat variety with high and stable productivity, grain and pasta quality indicators in accordance with the requirements, resistant to fungal diseases for the conditions of the south of Western Siberia. The experiments were laid on clean fallow in the southern forest-steppe zone (in the fields of the durum wheat selection laboratory of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Omsk Scientific Center in 2018-2023) and in the steppe zone (at the seed production main base in 2019-2023) of the Omsk Region. Based on the results of the study in the nurseries of competitive variety testing, the Omskij Malahit variety was characterized by morphological and agrobiological properties. In terms of the duration of vegetation, the variety belongs to the mid-season group, provides high and stable yields, is resistant to drought, and is not affected by brown rust, powdery mildew, and hard smut. In terms of average grain yield over the years of study, the new variety exceeded the Zhemchuzhina Sibiri (standard) in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe by 0.50 t/ha, with a value of 4.10 t/ha. In the steppe zone, the average yield was 2.46 t/ha, while the standard yield was 2.42 t/ha. Omskij Malahit exceeded the standard in grain quality: by 14 g/l in bulk and 2.0 % in vitreousness. The protein content in the grain was 14.7 %; gluten was 31.5; for the standard, these values were 14.53 and 30.1 %, respectively. The physical properties of gluten are high: the gluten index was 54.8; for the standard, 20.4; for other varieties, 4.2-5.9; the color score of pasta was 3.4 points (dry); 3.5 points (boiled), while for the standard, 3.2 points. Since 2023, Omskij Malahit has been undergoing State Variety Testing in the Ural, West Siberian, and East Siberian regions of Russia.