The role of laboratory markers in predicting the effectiveness of catheter treatment for atrial fibrillation: a literature review

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia among the adult population. There are many possible causes of AF: structural heart disease, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, obesity, alcohol abuse, diabetes mellitus, obstructive sleep apnea and old age. The ectopic activity of pulmonary vein couplings lies in the pathogenesis of paroxysmal and persistent forms of AF. The role of AF itself in triggering the inflammatory process in the atrium myocardium has also been proven. Despite the large amount of existing data, the search for the causes of AF continues. Previously, AF was considered the outcome of prolonged hemodynamic stress, arterial hypertension and valvular heart disease. Recently, views on the pathogenesis of AF have changed, since patients with metabolic diseases, without hypertrophy and dilatation of the left ventricle, but with disturbances in the structure and function of the atria, most often the left atrium, are increasingly encountered. There is an active search for laboratory markers to identify groups of patients most susceptible to developing AF. Determining the cause of atrial fibrillation and pathogenesis in each patient is important for selecting therapy and determining treatment tactics. Currently, a search is underway for laboratory markers that may be associated with the manifestation of atrial fibrillation, with atriopathy, and the effectiveness/ineffectiveness of catheter treatment for atrial fibrillation. An analysis of clinical studies was carried out based on articles indexed in the Scopus, VAK, Russian Science Citation Index, PubMed, and Web of Science databases.