Experience of Building a Public Education System Using the Example of a National School: Historiography of the Problem

The article presents an analysis of the scientific literature on the topic of the formation of public education during the period of the Soviet state in the North Caucasus. The experience of building a learning system within the framework of the development of a national school is presented through the representation of the evolution of the new government’s views on the educational system and the need for its adaptation to the multinational environment of the created state. It is emphasized that the population of the country was differentiated by the level of education, financial support and the availability of professional teachers. These differences had to be smoothed out and a nationwide, Soviet system of public education had to be created. The authors give a periodization of its development in the North Caucasus, marking 1918 as the beginning of the evolutionary process. The article describes the essence of the national education system using the example of a particular region, describes the difficulties and difficulties of integrating the education system of this territory into the Soviet model. In order to reveal the research issues, the authors analyze scientific articles, anniversary collections, and other publications reflecting the movement of pedagogical thought of the period under review in the North Caucasus. It is concluded that the formation of the public education system is a key element of cultural evolution, therefore, the study of the historiography of the issue is of fundamental importance for modern science.