Organization of agricultural land use by JSC “Rassvet in Lubinsky municipal district of Omsk oblast in view of environmental conditions

The paper presents the organization of crop rotation systems in JSC “Rassvetˮ in Lubinsky municipal district of Omsk oblast. The rational organization of land use is not possible without the organization of crop rotation systems, since only scientifically based crop rotation in different fields and at different times combined with a good organization of work will give considerable economic effect. The objective of the research is to find out if the designed systems of crop rotation encourage soil fertility, stabilize or prevent the negative anthropogenic and physiographic processes. The effectiveness of differentiated cultures placing according to crop rotation is defined by calculating the erosion danger coefficient of projected crop rotations. The performance index of humus balance according to crop rotation is calculated, as well as the crop rotation rate of erosion danger. To make up for the humus deficit at the expense of the organic matter for crop rotation, the required amount of organic fertilizer is determined. In connection with the limited opportunities of the farmstead to buy fertilizer, the designed system to increase soil fertility should meet the requirement of the maximum rational use and maximize the efficient factor, taking into account the methods and periods of application. To justify the design decisions it is necessary to determine the overall effectiveness of interventions. Another aspect of the modern problems of crop rotation is that they should be environmentally friendly and contribute to the preservation and restoration of soil fertility, along with sufficient productivity.