Organization of practical and physical preparation activities in primary preparatory preparation

Pre-service training and military-patriotic education are an integral part of the system of preparation of young people for military service in the Armed Forces of the Republic of Uzbekistan and are mandatory in all secondary schools, vocational colleges and academic lyceums of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

After the independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the organizational and legal basis of pre-conscription and military-patriotic education of young people was created.

Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated December 18, 2014 No 348 "On further improving the system of preparation of youth for military service of the Republic of Uzbekistan" was approved. In accordance with the annex to this decision, the Regulation "On the organization and implementation of preconscription training" was developed. Also, on December 12, 2018, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan adopted a resolution "On additional measures to improve the procedure for patriotic and physical education of youth and training of conscripts in military-technical specialties."

The current situation requires special attention to the pre-conscription and military-patriotic education of young people. Because the development of our country, its security for tomorrow, is the responsibility of today's youth.

Pre-Call Primary training plays an important role in accomplishing these pressing tasks. The practical and physical training section of the curriculum is designed to bring the general physical fitness of conscripts to the level of military service requirements.

The developmental period can be divided into three phases: its high level, relatively stabilized (stability) and the gradual decline of human physical capacity. It is subject to the objective laws of nature - the law of unity of the organism and its living conditions, the law of interdependence of changes in shape and structure, the law of gradual changes in quantity and quality in the organism, and other laws. In other words, physical development consists of a set of objective and biological laws. The most important of these is the law of the integrity of the environment and the development of the organism.

When we apply the above to students, we have to take into account the conditions of study, work and independent work, rest. All of this affects the physical development of students.

A special pre-designed system of physical exercises, combined with the healing forces of nature and hygienic factors, is used in the practical-physical training of preconscription primary training. The use of specialized knowledge for the formation of motor skills and abilities, the development of motor qualities and the improvement of a comprehensively functional organism is adapted to the requirements of military service and society. The fact that natural life forces and physical abilities are passed down from generation to generation is an important basis for physical development, so it is not possible for every student to achieve high results, but any student should contribute to the physical development of his body by conscientious, systematic, purposeful exercise. we must recognize that it can have a positive effect.

The direction, character, level of physical development, as well as the qualities and abilities that the student develops in himself, depend in many respects on living conditions and upbringing. Mastering the laws of physical development, using them for the purposes of physical education is an important task of the theory and practice of physical education.

Thus, the social conditions of students are crucial in their physical development. Among them, labor education, in particular, physical education plays an important role.

The system of practical and physical training has general tasks, which include:

• a)    harmonious development of the function of the form of the summoned organism, the full development of physical ability, the strengthening of health;

• b)    formation of vital movement skills and abilities in the army, special knowledge of physical culture, which is necessary in everyday life;

• c)    training of physical qualities for all-round physical development;

Oriental thinkers have always paid special attention to the issue of a spiritually mature person. It is said that the greatest of perfections is in the perfection of the body. Man's perseverance, piety, piety, contentment, knowledge, patience, discipline, lust, conscience, truthfulness, theoretical example, chastity, modesty, understanding, intellect, economy, obedience, truthfulness, benevolence, munity, devotion, justice, love, high generosity Positive qualities such as forgiveness, love of country (A.Avloni. "Turkish Gulistan or morality" Tashkent "Teacher" 1992, p. 13) are considered to be achieved only through a healthy body, physical fitness.

The main means of practical physical training are physical exercises that are performed in practice.

Practical and physical training is carried out in the following forms: Training sessions, morning physical training, mass sports, physical training and training sessions in the field.

Practical and physical training in secondary schools is organized and conducted according to a methodology that includes a set of methods and techniques of teaching, development and upbringing of students.

The training is aimed at developing students' practical movement skills, acquiring control knowledge, instilling in them organizational and methodological skills.

Development - focuses on the formation of physical and special qualities in students, strengthening health and improving anthropometric performance.

Upbringing is aimed at the formation of moral, spiritual and spiritual qualities of students in the process of physical training, to increase their harmony. Practical exercise training includes familiarization, learning, and refinement.

Acquaintance helps to create a correct picture of the exercise being studied in the learners.

To get acquainted, the following is necessary;

• -    Say the exercise;

• -    Sample demonstration;

• - Explain the technique and function of the exercise.

• -    Explain how to do the exercise, if necessary, and show it in parts or sections.

Learning is aimed at the formation of new motor skills in students, using the following learning methods, depending on the readiness of the trainees and the complexity of the exercises:

• -    as a whole, if the exercise is not complicated or it is not possible to perform it on the elements (parts);

• -    by parts, if the exercise is complex and can be divided into separate elements (characters);

• -    by divisions, if the exercise is complex and can be performed with instructions;

• -    with the help of preparatory exercises, if due to the complexity of the exercise it is not possible to perform the whole or in parts;

Improvement is aimed at strengthening motor skills and abilities in students. Improving students' performance in physical activity, the development of physical and special qualities is ensured by regular physical activity.

The main methods of exercise are:

Rhythm, repetition, switching, practice over time, control, and competition.

All training sessions should be conducted with great intensity and load. Density is defined as the ratio of the time taken to perform the exercise to the time taken to complete the exercise, and is measured as a percentage. For example, in a lesson - in 50 minutes, the student completes the exercise in 40 minutes. Training intensity:

(40:50) x 100 = 80%

Exercise is the degree to which exercise affects the body of the occupant. It is determined by the speed of the heartbeat per minute. There may be a download;

• -    low - up to 130 times per minute,

• -    medium - 130 - 160 times,

• -    high - 150 - 180 times,

• -    maximum - more than 180 times.

The physical load and intensity should correspond to the stages of the training tasks, the level of preparation and the age of the learners.

The increase in physical activity and intensity is achieved as follows:

• -    reduction of cleaning time;

• -    short and clear explanations;

• -    increase the number of repetitions, execution speed, downloads:

• -    regulation of leisure time;

• -    use of rotational exercises and competitive style;

• -    Trainer, proper use of inventory.

Errors that occur during the training process are corrected in the following sequence:

In group teaching - at the beginning, then often repeated;

• -    In individual teaching - significant errors at first, then secondary.

Error prevention is provided as follows:

• -    clearly show and explain the technique;

First proper training;

• -    Use of preparatory exercises;

• -    quality and timely assistance.

Training of mental qualities in practical and physical training is provided as follows:

• -    Persuasive style, for example, through competition, rewarding, engagement and team influence;

• -    objective assessment of changes in the quality of education;

• -    the choice of exercises that show a high level of mental qualities,

• -    the use of rational methods in the performance of exercises that help to cultivate mental qualities.

In the process of practical and physical training, in addition, practicality, coherence, structure, expediency and orientation of the training process to military training are checked.