Hip-preserving surgical treatment for atraumatic femoral head necrosis

Introduction Hip-salvage treatment in femoral head necrosis has a great social and economic importance.The number of hip joint replacements in young patients has been increasing. Purpose To evaluate the results of hip-preserving surgical interventions in the treatment of patients with non-traumatic femoral head necrosis. Materials and methods The study included 42 cases treated by minimally invasive core decompression of the femoral head and bone grafting, 22 cases of decompression and introduction of autologous bone marrow and mesenchymal stem cells into the core of necrosis, and six cases of using a titanium locking mesh implant. Results The follow-up time after surgery was up to 5 years. The survival rate of hip-reserving operations using cell technology to stimulate osteoregeneration were noticeably better than using bone grafting only in disease stages I, IIA, IIB, IIC. For femoral head osteonecrosis in stage IIIA, a titanium locking femoral head implant has been developed. It promotes regeneration and performs a supporting function. Conclusion The analysis of long-term results of these minimally invasive technologies has proven their efficacy and safety along with a low rate of complications.