Complications of transpedicular fixation in the cervical spine (review)

The analysis of studies on pedicle screw fixation in the cervical spine has been carried out. Mathematical data on the accuracy of freehand placement of cervical pedicle screws, the frequency of screw malposition, the frequency of clinically significant complications are presented. The article describes the causes of perforation of pedicle of vertebra, the causes of complications of this technique, as well as recommendations to increase the accuracy of insertion the screws and reduce postoperative complications.