Features of antihyperglycemic therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes in combination with obstructive sleep apnea

The article presents the features of therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. The study involved 21 male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and moderate obstructive sleep apnea, refusing from CPAP therapy. Depending on the prescribed therapy, we formed 2 groups of patients. Group 1 included patients to whom vildagliptin was added to metformin therapy (n=11), group 2 - patients to whom empagliflozin was added to metformin therapy (n=10). The patients were followed up for 6 months. They underwent polysomnographic monitoring and assessment of the HbA1c level twice. It was found that while taking a combination of metformin and empagliflozin, patients demonstrated an improvement in the compensation of carbohydrate metabolism, a decrease in the body mass index, a decrease in the severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, an increase in the degree of blood oxygen saturation. There was also an increase in the total sleep time, an improvement in the sleep efficiency indicator, and a normalization of the sleep structure, as well as improvement of basic polysomnographic indicators.