Features of the dynamics of blood hemoglobin fractions in patients of the newborn and infancy periods

Objective: to determine the dynamics of the levels of blood hemoglobin fractions and changes in their affinity for oxygen in the pathology of newborns and infants, the first months of life. Material and methods. The examination group included clinical data of 204 neonatal patients of neonatology and pediatric departments. 635 studies of changes in indicators of blood hemoglobin types were performed and 125 ratios of fetal hemoglobin (FHbF) with oxygen partial pressure values at 50% blood oxygenation (p50) were analyzed. The dynamics of replacement of blood hemoglobins has been studied, taking into account the dependence on age, gestation period, severity of diseases and intensity of oxygenotherapy. The data were obtained by analyzing medical histories in intensive care, pediatric departments - at the stages of the therapeutic and diagnostic process. Results. When comparing the indicators in the group of premature infants, there is a high level of FHbF - 74.8% and a relatively low level of p50-21.2 mm Hg. This combination forms an increase in the affinity of hemoglobin to oxygen and an increase in the release of oxygen in areas of tissue hypoxia and acidosis. Conclusion. In pathology in newborn children, the formation of the oxygen status of blood and its delivery to tissues occurs under conditions of constant variability in the composition of hemoglobins -in contrast to static indicators in infants.