Peculiarities of the formation and legal recording of state power in Russia monarchical period

In every state, public authority functions as one of the most important features of statehood. The development of public-authority relations in each country has its own specifics. In Russia, such specifics lie in the fact that the system of state (public) authority at certain stages has changed radically, one might say, revolutionary. Thus, for several centuries, Russia had a monarchical form of government, when at the top of the power pyramid there was one person, to whom power was passed on by inheritance. Then, as a result of the October Revolution of 1917, state power passed to elected bodies - the Councils of Deputies, and in the Soviet state the actual power was in the hands of the monopoly ruling All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) - the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and acted on the basis of Marxist-Leninist ideology; after the collapse of the USSR, public authority is also elective, but without an obligatory state ideology. The article examines the features of the formation and theoretical understanding of state authority in monarchical Russia. The article analyzes the relevant legal acts that regulated the status of government bodies, as well as scientific works by Russian legal scholars of the imperial period, which set out their theoretical positions on issues of public-power relations. At the same time, taking into account the length of the monarchy and the multitude of different public-power structures, the author used the utmost possible generalizations. It is noted, in particular, that public power as an independent subject of scientific research began to be studied relatively late, while at the beginning of the 20th century more and more Russian scientists believed it necessary to limit the power of the monarch, but their proposals remained unanswered by the current government.