Features of yield formation and grain quality of spring soft wheat in the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia

The article presents the results of the study of spring soft wheat varieties of domestic and foreign breeding in the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia in the contrasting hydrothermal conditions of 2022-2024. According to the length of the growing season, the studied varieties were represented by three groups of ripeness – mid-early, mid-ripe and mid-late. The varieties were tested when sowing steamed and precursor grains (the second crop after steam). The steam predecessor ensured the highest grain yields of the studied varieties, which averaged 3.46 t/ha over the years of study. When sowing the third crop after steam, the yield was 2.61 t/ha. As a result of the research, the varieties with the highest grain yields were identified: Likamero, Tarskaya Yubileynaya, DH 48-18 and Katyusha (medium-early); KVS Buran, Omskaya Druzhina, Silantiy (medium-ripe); Omskaya pearl and Memory of Suslyakov (medium-late). The steam predecessor also ensured the production of better quality wheat grains.: The average weight of 1000 grains for the varieties over the years of study was 36.3 g, while for grain sowing it was 34.9 g; grain size was 717.7 and 701.0 g/l; protein content was 16.1 and 14.2%; gluten content was 32.4 and 28.4%; gluten quality was 71.0 and 77.3 units. IDK, respectively. In the group of medium-early varieties, high-quality grain was formed by the varieties Omskaya 36, Semenovna, Tarskaya 12, DN 48-18. When sown according to both predecessors, the best quality grain was obtained for the varieties Omsk Druzhina, Sigma 5 and Silantium (medium-ripened group), Element 22, Trizo and Memory of Suslyakov. Thus, spring soft wheat varieties were identified that combine a high level of yield with good grain quality when grown, both in pairs and in the grain predecessor: Omsk Druzhina and Silantium (medium-ripened group), as well as Element 22 and Memory of Suslyakov (medium-late group).