Features and Trends of Spatial Distribution of Economic Resources in Global Economy

The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the spatial distribution of economic resources in the global economy in the context of geoeconomic instability growth and global order transformation. The relevance of the study is due to the necessity to develop new guidelines for long-term economic policy in the context of digitalization, energy transition, growing protectionism, and international relations polarization. The methodological base of the study is presented by a systemic and interdisciplinary approach using institutional, comparative, historical, and formal-logical analysis. The main results of the study are presented in the form of a retrospective analysis of the five largest economies in the world – the USA, the European Union, China, India, and Brazil – from the point of view of the transformation of their spatial structure over the past 75 years. Long-term trends in the redistribution of economic resources in the global space are identified. They are a shift in production capacity to Asian countries, increased regional disparities, growing dependence on foreign economic factors, and institutional differences. The zones of concentration of capital, industry, and technology, as well as hotbeds of spatial instability in the world economies under analysis, are determined. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between the geopolitical configuration and economic allocation of resources. Based on the analysis, the necessity of transition to a polycentric model of global development is substantiated, which implies strategic autonomy, regional integration, and cooperative interdependence. Conceptual foundations of long-term distribution of resources in the global economy with an emphasis on political stability and economic security are suggested. The obtained results have considerable theoretical and practical significance and can be used in the process of forming a sustainable architecture of global economic interaction in the world space. Authors’ contribution. P.V. Stroev – substantiation of the methodology and development of research concept, compilation of research algorithm, systematization of trends in the spatial distribution of economic resources in the global economy, and development of conceptual foundations of the long-term distribution of resources in the global economy; O.V. Pivovarova – selection of scientific sources and content analysis of publications on the research topic, collection and analysis of empirical data, retrospective analysis of the five largest economies in the world (USA, European Union, China, India, and Brazil) and determination of their features and trends, generalization of research results, and formulation of conclusions.