Features of infusion therapy

The choice of life support parameters and maintaining the optimal intravascular volume of fluid, maintaining hemodynamic function during infusion therapy are one of the main components of the optimal therapeutic effect of an anesthesiologist-resuscitator. An analysis of the scientific literature has shown that for more than thirty years, disputes about the amount of fluid administered and the types of solutions during infusion therapy have not stopped. Until now, the question of the optimal intake of fluid, the volume of which will not lead to hypovolemia and impaired organ perfusion, remains open. The issue of generally accepted parameters and norms for “limited”, “dry” administration or “overload”, as well as the definition of parameters of central hemodynamics, remains under discussion. The question of recommendations on the choice between colloids and crystalloids still remains open. The main research methods were targeted analysis, comparison and generalization of information related to the optimization of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic tactics in infusion therapy. The article presents an analysis of the problems of conducting infusion therapy. To date, recommendations on accounting for the volume of fluid administered during infusion therapy during thoracic and abdominal operations are contradictory. In the article, the author suggests options for the use of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the infusion during a planned operation, during the perioperative period, during abdominal operations, during thoracic operations, as well as features of infusion therapy in children and features of infusion therapy in obstetrics. The criteria for choosing colloids or crystalloids, formed on the basis of the correct interpretation of indicators corresponding to a specific clinical situation, are considered.