Features of operation and modernization of engineering networks in residential and commercial buildings: a comparative analysis of the USA and CIS countries

This study analyzes contemporary trends in the operation and modernization of engineering networks in residential and commercial buildings, comparing the experiences of the USA and CIS countries. It examines the patterns of infrastructure development shaped by regulatory frameworks, economic policies, and technological advancements. Special attention is given to the digitalization of engineering communications, the implementation of adaptive resource management systems, and the enhancement of energy efficiency. The findings demonstrate that a comprehensive approach to managing engineering networks - encompassing process automation, the use of intelligent technologies, and the integration of renewable energy sources - minimizes operational risks, reduces financial costs, and strengthens urban infrastructure sustainability. The study highlights the significance of adapting advanced US methodologies for application in CIS countries, considering their regulatory specificities and investment potential. The conclusions of this research are relevant for professionals in engineering system design and operation, as well as for policymakers and urban development strategists.