Peculiarities of metabolism and morphofunctional structure of rumen mucosa in ruminant animals (review)

The present status of our knowledge of role and participation of rumen mucosa in ruminants in processes of conversion and absorption of food nutrient substances on the data of the native and foreign literature is reviewed. The special attention was devoted to short chain volatile fatty acids (VFA) as the main source of energy and precursors of milk fat in ruminants. The morphofunctional characteristic of basic epithelial layers of rumenocytes is given. The role of rumenocytes in transfer and intracellular metabolism of nutritive materials was shown. The way of VFA transfer in rumen mukosa (on intercellular area) is considered. The role of microbiota in rumen digestion was reflected.