Morphogenesis features of spring wheat in vitro culture depending on growing conditions

The effect of growth conditions in 12 spring wheat varieties upon the realization of their morphogenetic potential in the immature embryos culture has been studied. A significant dependence of callus formation, morphogenesis and plant regeneration upon the genotypic diversity of varieties, growing conditions of donor plants and genotype-environment interaction has been stated. Genotypic specificity of the initial material was a dominant factor in determining the effectiveness of all processes in vitro (callus formation by 38 %, morphogenesis by 33 %, plant regeneration by 80 %). The reactions of genotypes on growth conditions of donor explants were specific. Field conditions were the most favorable for genotypes with a high regeneration level, the conditions of the winter-spring vegetation in the greenhouse were the best for varieties with a low regenerative potential. The increasing the output of plants in 3,4-13,9 times were obtained.