Особенности разработки комбинированной двигательной установки и схемы полёта космического аппарата «Интергелио-Зонд»

The article concerns the peculiarities of development of the prospective Russian spacecraft (SC) “Intergelio probe”, with using electric propulsion system as a sustainer. It should explore space around the Sun at close range (60-70 solar radii) and nonecliptic inclinations. The project has to be developed, based on the launch of the spacecraft from the Baikonur Cosmodrome with using “Soyuz-2” launcher and the “Fregat” upper stage. In developing the scheme of flight is assumed that after 5 years the SC has to be injected into orbit with a maximum inclination. Its trajectory is generated using gravity assist from Earth and Venus. The objective of the first phase of the scheme is to maximize flight asymptotic rate approaching the Venus. It is conventionally called “ecliptic”, as the spacecraft trajectory is almost in the plane of the ecliptic. On the second, “nonecliptic”, stage orbital inclination increased due gravity assists at Venus, and for the next meeting the orbit of the spacecraft have to be in the so-called “resonance” with the orbit of Venus, i. e. periods of their orbits must be treated as an integer fraction of the form 1/1, 2/3, 3/4, etc. To minimize the formation of the duration of flight it is necessary to use the orbital resonances of small order. The article discusses three versions of equipment SC “Intergelio-Probe” propulsion: one version with “chemical” engine and the two variants with EPS-based RIT-22 and SPD-140D. In the article the descriptions of these design options is showed. In accordance with these variants flight schemes were developed, allowing the spacecraft to deliver during the active existence of a heliocentric orbit with the required parameters. It is specified the main characteristics of the trajectories. The combined propulsion allows realizing designed trajectory, while providing a full-time operation of science equipment, carrying out correction of orientation and stabilization in the single-component control. This scheme with application of propulsion engine, manufactured by Design Bureau “Fakel”, allows reaching the required parameters of the orbit around the Sun and conducting complex experiments for a specified period of active existence of the SC “Intergelio-Probe”.