The "lake" Nanai: land-use change in the first half of the XX century (on the example of the Bolon' Nanai)

The paper is based on field and archival data collected among the Bolon '' Nanai. In the first half of the 20-th, the agricultural practices expanded within the collective-farm system has influenced the Nanai society life, that was based on fishing. In a floodplain and rugged terrain of Lake Bolon'', small-format field crop cultivation with bed planting mainly vegetable cultures along the coast became applicable. Because of the coast soil depletion, the lake islands land was cultivated. At the beginning of the collectivization, fishing and hunting groups learned agricultural skills from the Russian, Korean and Chinese immigrants. The absence of agricultural traditions among the Nanai and weak study of the agricultural potential areas have caused low efficiency of the Amur River collective-farms system.