The morphological assessment of the experimental method of laser pleurodesis results in rats

Standard thoracotomy is more effective in terms of preventing relapses of pleural and lungs diseases and its experimental modeling remains quite relevant. The aim of the study was the pathomorphological assessment of the results of the experimental method of laser pleurodesis in rats when modeling surgical intervention in the volume of atypical lung resection for bullous emphysema. The experiments were carried out on 80 white male rats of the «Standard» breed, weighing 200±50 g. All experimental animals were divided into two groups of 40 rats each. The first group included experimental animals that underwent laser pleurodesis of the parietal pleura. The second group included animals that underwent laser pleurodesis of both the visceral and parietal pleura. Pleurodesis was performed using a solid-state infrared laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm and an experimentally selected optimal power of 7-8 W. The preparations of the pleurodesis areas of the rats taken out of the experiment were fixed in 12% formalin for histological examination, and standard paraffin sections were prepared. Sections 6 μm thick were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to assess the overall histological picture. The study revealed that loose connective tissue adhesions were formed in the pleural cavities of both groups of laboratory animals. According to the histological examination of the preparations of the first group of animals, the fact of adhesion of the visceral and parietal pleura can be stated only in local areas of exposure. In the second group of animals, the inflammatory process in the pleurodesis areas was more pronounced and, in addition to the pleural sheets, the lung tissue was involved in the process, due to which, probably, better adhesion was achieved after the completion of the formation of adhesive coarse and dense bundles of connective tissue. In the second case, denser and more extensive sclerosis of the adhesive areas of the pleura is also achieved.