Patriotism in the worldview of Alexander Pushkin: an experience of the historical and philosophical reconstruction

The study aims to consider, by means of historical and philosophical analysis, the concept of patriotism, which can be reconstructed on the basis of the creative heritage of Alexander Pushkin and which is an integral part of the philosophical foundations of the great poet and thinker’s worldview. Pushkin’s patriotism is based on respect and love for the history of the Motherland and the Russian language as the cornerstone of national culture. He expressed his understanding of patriotism not only in his immortal verses and poems, but also in historical works like “History of the Pugachev Rebellion”, historical novels, letters and diary entries. Pushkin was far from having an idealistic view of the Motherland, seeing in its history and actual existence both bright and dark sides. Considering a constitutional monarchy as a necessary form of government for Russia, he, nevertheless, never equated the Motherland and the state. The methodological basis of this work is the hermeneutical method as an interpretation and reconstruction of meanings, comparative historical analysis, and philosophical comparative studies.