Transition to settlement South Kyrgyz people and development of crop husbandry (second half of the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries)

The article deals with the problems of settling and development of agriculture in Osh, Andijan and Namangan districts that were part of the Fergana region of the Turkestan general governorship. It is noted that in the five districts of the Fergana region, where mainly Kyrgyz nomads lived, in the period of 1911-1913 an economic survey was carried out covering 21 volosts (parishes), as a result of which it was clarified that out of 30612 households with a population of 168229 people, were settled a total of 3242 farms. In 1913, 50% of the Kyrgyz population of Osh, Skobelevsk and Kokand districts were considered to have settled. According to the All-Russian census conducted in 1917, out of 361168 people of the Kyrgyz population in six districts of the Fergana region (Andijan, Kokand, Namangan, Osh, Pamir and Fergana regions), there were 249886 settled people, nomads - 111277 people, or respectively 69.2% and 30.8%. It is noted that the agrarian culture of the Kyrgyz had much in common with the traditions of neighbouring peoples - Uzbeks, Tajiks, Uighurs and others. Agricultural implements were ineffective, and over time, more advanced plows, harrows and scythes began to be used in wealthy farms.