Overvoltages in nature and ways to protect against them

The article provides information about the characteristics and forms of atmospheric overvoltages and explores methods of protection against them. Methods for protecting electrical equipment from overvoltage using cable and rod lightning rods are considered. It has been established that the protection of electrical power plants and equipment from atmospheric overvoltages is carried out in two directions. In the first case, the goal is to prevent direct damage to electrical power installations by lightning, and in the second, to limit or eliminate its effect on insulation if an overvoltage occurs in the system. In addition, information is presented on the circuit diagram and operating principle of tubular arresters used to protect lines from atmospheric surges. The article also provides information about the electrical parameters of lightning and discusses their protection zones. The initial data for calculating lightning overvoltages in the atmosphere are presented.