Promising cherry cultivars for the Central Black Earth region of Russia

Currently, with the diversity of cherry cultivars, they do not fully meet the requirements for the conditions of the cultivation zone of this culture. Therefore, the development of new cultivars for the Central Black Earth region of Russia is an urgent problem. In Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding, as a result of breeding and long-term study, new cherry cultivars "Charovnitsa", "Mikheyevskaya", "Vereya" and "Kupina" have been developed and transferred to the State Variety Testing. Economical and biological characteristics of not enough common cherry cultivars is given in this paper, the use of which will significantly improve the existing assortment of cherries and increase the production of fruits of domestic cultivars, which will contribute to its import substitution. "Charovnitsa" is of interest for production due to its productivity, winter hardiness, early fruiting and suitability for all kinds of processing. "Mikheyevskaya" is characterized by high winter hardiness of trees and flower buds, productivity, resistance to fungal diseases and universal purpose of the fruit. "Vereya" is distinguished by large fruits of universal purpose, high taste and marketable qualities, and high resistance to brown rot and coccomycosis. Apparently, this resistance was manifested due to the fact that in the pedigree of this cultivar, sweet cherry is present in one of the parents (paternal), which presumably shows greater resistance to fungal diseases than cherries. "Kupina" is characterized by high productivity, taste and marketable qualities, early fruiting, winter hardiness, resistance to diseases and restrained tree growth. It is suitable for mechanized harvest and is cultivated in the intensive orchards. These cultivars are superior to the zoned cultivars in a complex of biological and economically-valuable traits. They can be recommended for testing in other regions of Russia.