Prospects for using blockchain in the system of organizing international supply chains and cross-border payments

The purpose of the work is to study the prospects for the implementation of innovative technologies for building international payments in the context of sanctions restrictions on the access of financial organizations to global clearing services and the need to increase competition in the international transactions market. The object of the study is blockchain as a promising technology for cross-border payments, taking into account the ongoing processes of globalization and at the same time the fragmentation of world economic relations. The authors examine in detail the externalities and “windows of opportunity” that are formed in the process of using blockchain in international trade, and also reveal the theoretical and methodological basis for the use of blockchain technologies in comparison with traditional tools for implementing international transactions in the context of systemic transformations. The main conclusion of the study is the substantiated, based on the systematization of Russian and foreign approaches, the potential for the creation and integration of blockchain platforms in the processes of ensuring international supply chains and transactions in the context of fragmentation of world economic relations and escalating sanctions confrontation. The novelty of the research lies in the comparative analysis of the mechanisms for constructing blockchain transactions with traditional clearing platforms in the process of implementing cross-border payments in the Russian Federation under the conditions of sanctions restrictions on the access of Russian organizations to international clearing services (SWIFT, etc.). The main drivers of the potential activation of countries in the field of considering the prospects for building blockchain platforms that provide the ability to transmit financial messages and transactions at the transnational level are systematized.