Prospects to use winter rye varieties for grain and early green forage in the open forest-steppe conditions of the Krasnoyarsk region

The purpose of research is to study the productive capacity and nutritional value of winter rye varieties when used for grain and early green fodder in the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk Region. Tasks: to evaluate winter hardiness, resistance to lodging and grain yield of winter rye varieties; set the timing of harvesting for early green fodder; determine the yield of green mass and dry matter; assess the nutrient content of grain and green mass. The studies were carried out in 2019-2021 in the open forest-steppe of the Krasnoyarsk Region. The object of the study was the varieties of winter rye Enisejka, Krasnoyarskaya universal'naya and promising variety Arga recommended for cultivation in the territory of the region. Winter hardiness of varieties is 4.8-5.0 points, resistance to lodging is 4.4-5.0 points, grain yield is 4.06-4.33 t/ha. In terms of winter hardiness, the Enisejka variety was the best, resistance to lodging and productivity - Arga. The grain of winter rye of the studied varieties contained dry matter - 89.9-91.5 %, feed units - 1.05-1.09 per kg, digestible protein - 85.3-99.0 g/kg, exchange energy - 11, 0-11.6 MJ/kg. The maximum indicators for all parameters were noted in the variety Arga. For harvesting for early green fodder, the Enisejka variety was suitable on June 1-12, the Krasnoyarskaya universal'naya variety on June 3-15, and the Arga variety on June 8-19. The yield of green mass was in the range of 17.38-18.47 t/ha. The most productive variety was Arga, which was characterized by the largest proportion of leaves in the green mass (58.9 %). The collection of dry matter was 3.19-3.39 t/ha. One kilogram of green mass contained 0.153-0.169 feed units, 15.4-16.8 g of digestible protein, and 1.64-1.82 MJ of metabolic energy. The fiber content is 27.7-29.0 %, digestible protein in one feed unit is 98.5-99 g. The highest carotene content in dry matter was noted in the Arga variety - 249.0 mg/kg.