A pilot study to determine the relationship of changes in the characteristics of 1- and 2-adrenoreceptors against the background of the use of 2-agonists with clinically significant parameters in patients with cardiovascular pathology

Background: Comorbid cardiovascular and bronchoobstructive diseases worsens disease course and prognosis and causes difficulties in therapy. Effectiveness β2-agonists (cornerstone of bronchoobstructive pathology treatment) depends on β-adrenoreceptors state. Therefore, a detailed study of the functional state of beta-adrenoreceptors is necessary. Aim: to evaluate the relationship of changes in the characteristics of β1- and β2-adrenoreceptors, against the background of the use of β2-agonists in patients with cardiovascular and bronchoobstructive diseases with clinically significant parameters. Methods: In the pilot single-center prospective study during 2.5 years 45 patients (15 with cardiovascular and 30 with bronchoobstructive diseases) were included. Anamnestic data and complaints were collected and laboratory and instrumental studies were performed. Modified radioligand analysis on blood T-lymphocytes using radiolabeled Cyanopindolol and unlabeled selective ligands (ICI 118551, CGP 20712) before and after salbutamol and formoterol was performed and the binding activity of β1- and β2-adrenoreceptors was determined. Results: The correlation analysis between clinically significant parameters and changes in the specific binding index of β1- and β2-adrenoreceptors confirmed its clinical relevance. In test with beta-agonists in cardiovascular and bronchoobstructive diseases patients, an increase in the specific binding index of β1-adrenoreceptors is associated with clinical, laboratory and instrumental parameters of a favorable course of the disease, and an increase in the specific binding index of β2-adrenoreceptors is associated with negative. In the cardiovascular group without bronchoobstructive diseases with salbutamol an increase in the specific binding index of β1-adrenoreceptors was associated with parameters of unfavorable disease course, while an increase in the specific binding index of β2-adrenoreceptors did not have a clear associative relationship with clinical characteristics. Conclusions: The association of changes in the specific binding index of β1- and β2-adrenoreceptors in patients with cardiovascular and bronchoobstructive diseases with clinically significant parameters during acute tests with short- and long-acting β2-agonists was revealed, which in the future may provide an opportunity to identify patients with an unfavorable course of the disease.