Pneumatic separator for fractional separation and grain cleaning

The article examines the study of a pneumatic separator for fractional separation and cleaning of grain during its post-harvest processing. The shortcomings are identified, a new design of a pneumatic separator that eliminates them is proposed. The authors pay special attention to the design and main mechanisms of grain cleaning. The main shortcomings of the prototype under consideration are given, as well as the design and operating principle of the proposed pneumatic separator, in which they are eliminated. A reel with an adjus-table electric drive allows for better supply of the initial grain heap than can be done with an adjustable gate valve. The moisture content of the grain material will have an insignificant effect on dosing. The reel has six blades, which is quite sufficient. An electric drive with adjustable voltage will create the required range of reel rotation frequencies and will avoid seed damage. The valve in front of the sedimentation chamber will allow redistributing the grain-air mixture flows. By adjusting it, it is possible to achieve greater grain settling in the fraction receivers or greater blowing of dust with air into the sedimentation chamber. Such a significant range of the pneumatic separation channel inclination angles was chosen to enable cleaning of grain crops of different weights and hovering speeds. Thus, the channel can be considered with both an ascending and a descending inclined air flow. This is also of interest for future studies, since it is important to study its different locations relative to the horizon and determine further research. The hinged connection of the sedimentation chamber to the pneumatic separation channel will allow it to be constantly kept in a vertical position with varying inclination angles of the latter.