Purchasing power of monetary incomes of the population of Russia in the context of modern challenges

The article analyzes the level and dynamics of the purchasing power of money incomes of the population of Russia in different socio-economic conditions of the period 2000-2022, determines the depth of low security and evaluates the general structure of money incomes of the population to ensure a stable positive trend in the purchasing power of per capita money incomes. The research methodology is based on the model of social stratification used in monitoring studies of incomes and living standards of the population based on the purchasing power of per capita cash income. It has been determined that by 2007 the purchasing power of the average per capita money income of the population has overcome the threshold criteria of social strata with low and below average levels of security, having reached the level of the lower middle stratum. It is shown that subsequent years are characterized by stagnation in the purchasing power of the average per capita cash income of the population and a high risk of its level shifting to a lower value. It was revealed that the level of modal per capita money income in our country is low, and its purchasing power corresponds to the low security of the population. A high level of public spending on social benefits and social assistance is stated. This indicates that the conditions for the formation of a positive trend in the purchasing power of the average per capita cash income of the population at the present stage, unfortunately, require a rapid increase in government spending on social benefits and social assistance due to insufficient growth in income from employment as the main source of cash income of the population.