Political and managerial orientation in the field of education of the XX century

State policy forms the sphere of activity at the intersection of political and managerial orientation in the system of education. In coordination with the spheres and subjects of the activity there is a specification of the goals in education on a number of parameters. Within the framework of modern state policy of the Russian Federation, the field of education is declared a priority within the social sphere. The specificity of understanding the essence of education is the basis of the state policy in the area of society organization, at any stage of human society. The basic interests of society, the strategic needs of the appropriate stage of development of the state, expressed by political leaders and elites in the form of basic principles and strategic goals that have found appropriate public support are the basis for the development of the state policy in the field of education. It is necessary to highlight another main component of state policy: the constant reformation and modernization of the education system, which is the dominant development of Russian education throughout history and, of course, in the analyzed period of the twentieth century. Education reform is a complex, organized and managed by public authorities process. The need for it is recognized both at the public and state levels.