The Policy of Managing the Entrepreneurship as a Factor of the Far East’s Priority Development and Integration of Russia into the Asia-Pacific Region: History and Reality

Relevance. Modern entrepreneurship is a new phenomenon in the contemporary history of Russia, it is not a revival of the pre-revolutionary entrepreneurship, which, having barely been rooted in the social structure of the Tsarist Empire, was destroyed in the first half of the 20th century by the Soviet power. We find it necessary to emphasize that the instability of the society during the transitional period is engendered by joint, but not co-organized actions of people, when the soviet system was already broken, while the other one – has not yet been created. In this situation, special social entities become relevant in the society, and the people, who form them, take part in the processes of social interaction. In Russia, entrepreneurship became such special entity, which very quickly was integrated into the social structure of the society. As early as 2002, the all-Russian population census recorded that a new social entity, which was not present in the soviet society, had in its structure the owners-employers numbering about 1 million persons and 2 million of private entrepreneurs [3]. Most characteristically this process can be seen in the example of the Far East of Russia, where as far back as the mid-1977, in the course of privatization, the assets were basically determined by the forms of property. Out of 143,855 enterprises and organizations, only 9,958 remained state-owned, which amounted to 6.95%, and 9,062 were municipally-owned (6,5%) [5]. Yet, under conditions of the economic and financial gravitational shift of the world to the Asia-Pacific Region, where 60% of the world’s GDP accounts only for 21 APEC member states, inhabited by more than 40% of the planet’s population [1], the Russian Federation critically faces a strategic objective of integration into the Asia-Pacific Region. The Far East proved to be a connecting link for such integration, because far-eastern entrepreneurs have already had the trade and investment connections with the business world of the Asia-Pacific region countries, the system of «co-development» was forming between the enterprises of the Russian Far East and the neighboring countries of the Asia-Pacific region. It has been shown that the Far East with its transit transport functions, taking into account the revival and development of the Northern Sea Route, availability of unique mineral raw materials having worldwide significance, fuel and energy, forest and marine biological resources on the territory of the region which occupies 36.4% of the entire Russian territory, which has practically been already a part of the space of the Asia-Pacific Region [6], proved to be a region, the future of which the President of the Russian Federation, V.V. Putin, has marked as «one of the key centers of the entire country in the twenty-first century»[13]. This became a basis for the Federal Purpose-Oriented Program «Social and Economic Development of the Far East and Baikal Region for the Period up to 2025» [15]. The state provided an unprecedentedly high level of financing – Ruble10.6 trillion, taking into account that the Far East is one of the most important regions of the country both strategically and in terms of its geopolitical position, being also a naval outpost of Russia in the Asia-Pacific region. The article analyzes the reasons for mistakes and corruption in managing the realization of these strategic objectives. The conclusion was made regarding the initial stage of forming the new mission of the territories neighboring the countries of the Asia-Pacific Region.