Political and legal ideas of Pavel Novgorodtcev: from public ideals to humanitarian practices (to the 150 anniversary of the thinker)

The article gives the main markers of an intellectual biography and political and legal ideas of P. I. Novgorodtcev, who is the founder of the school of “revived natural right” in Russia. It is noted that he was the first to support the juridical registration of rights to dignified human existence and implementation of reforms for further realization of this right. The article studies the main statements of the school of “revived natural right”, which were elaborated by P. I. Novgorodtcev. In the course of analysis of his intellectual biography it is possible to make a conclusion on a gradual switch of Novgorodtcev from constructing public and moral ideals to concrete legal humanitarian practices, which found their reflection in elaboration of reformative suggestions on protection of human fights for dignified existence, which were supported by Novgorodtcev in the course of his work in the legislative committee of the first State Duma of the Russian Empire, and in the institutional framework - in formation of the Russian juridical faculty in Prague. Novgorodtcev was among the first in Russian political and legal thought, who developed the ideas of humanization of policy and right.