Synthesis of zinc oxide powder from deep eutectic solvents

Zinc oxide (ZnO) powder was precipitated from chloride-urea systems using water and sodium hydroxide. The resulting material was calcined at temperatures ranging from 500 to 700 °C and analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Infrared (IR) spectroscopy was also used to study the structure of the deep eutectic solvent (DES). Lattice parameters for all samples were calculated based on XRD data. Zinc oxide crystallized in the hexagonal wurtzite structure (space group P6₃mc) with lattice constants a = 3.24992 Å and c = 5.20658 Å. Based on the analytical results, the optimal composition of the starting DES and the precursor synthesis temperature for obtaining zinc oxide were determined.