Получение удвоенных гаплоидов огурца (Cucumis sativus L.)

Получение удвоенных гаплоидов огурца (Cucumis sativus L.)

Автор: Домблидес Елена Алексеевна, Белов Сергей Николаевич, Солдатенко Алексей Васильевич, Пивоваров Виктор Федорович

Журнал: Овощи России @vegetables

Рубрика: Селекция и семеноводство сельскохозяйственных растений

Статья в выпуске: 5 (49), 2019 года.

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Разработка и внедрение клеточных технологий существенно изменили селекционный процесс у сельскохозяйственных растений во всем мире. Производство чистых линий у сельскохозяйственных культур, особенно у перекрестноопыляемых растений, таких как огурец (Cucumis sativus L.), требует больших временных и трудовых затрат, а также и достаточных финансовых вложений. В связи с этим использование удвоенных гаплоидов (DH-растений) для получения полностью гомозиготных линий в течение одного года представляет большой интерес для современной селекции, в том числе у этой культуры. Важнейшим фактором, препятствующим использованию DH-растений в селекции огурца, является отсутствие эффективного способа их производства в больших масштабах. В обзоре представлены исторические факты и рассмотрены три основных способа получения удвоенных гаплоидов огурца: партеногенеза in situ (опыление неполноценной (облученная или обработанная химическими веществами) пыльцой); андрогенеза (культуры пыльников/микроспор in vitro); гиногенеза (культура неопыленных семяпочек in vitro). Произведен сравнительный анализ публикаций с учетом эффективности использующихся технологий, выявлены критические факторы, влияющие на выход гаплоидных и удвоенных гаплоидных растений, указаны преимущества и ограничения каждой из технологий.

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Огурец (cucumis sativus l.), dh-растения, культура неопыленных семяпочек in vitro, гиногенез, партеногенез, андрогенез, гаплоиды огурца, гомозиготные линии, культура микроспор in vitro

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/140245781

IDR: 140245781   |   DOI: 10.18619/2072-9146-2019-5-3-14

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