Cross-sectional study of the distribution of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors in patients with prostate cancer with potential indications for endocrine therapy

Objective: this study aims to evaluate the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and associated risk factors in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) prior to initiation of endocrine therapy (ET), as a basis for reducing treatment-related complications and improving patient outcomes. Materials and Methods. A total of 59 newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve PCa patients with potential indications for ET were enrolled at Sechenov University Clinical Hospital No. 1 between May 2018 and July 2022. Clinical and laboratory data were collected, and cardiovascular risk was assessed using ASCVD stratification. Results. 83% of patients had at least one CVD; hypertension (79%) was the most prevalent condition. Blood pressure control was insufficient among patients at high cardiovascular risk. Dyslipidemia was present in 61%, mainly characterized by low HDL-C and elevated triglycerides. Only 19% of patients were on lipid-lowering therapy, and LDL-C target attainment was especially poor among high-risk patients. Conclusion. The high prevalence of CVD and poor control of modifiable risk factors prior to ET initiation emphasize the need for early cardiovascular risk assessment and management. A multidisciplinary care model is essential to optimize treatment outcomes in PCa patients.