Increasing the efficiency of using agricultural biomass as thermal energy

Biomass is organic matter that is typically obtained from waste streams from forestry and agricultural industries. It is significantly cheaper in terms of generating energy from it than fossil fuels. Biomass is increasingly being used for thermal purposes in the residential, agricultural and industrial sectors, providing a wide range of heating outputs. Currently, there are a number of methods for burning different forms of biomass, i.e. having different combustion characteristics. The efficiency of using agricultural biomass as thermal energy can be increased through technological equipment, including partial combustion of biomass in a gasification chamber and combustion of synthesis gas obtained as a result of partial combustion of biomass. Methods using raw biomass have poor results in terms of thermal efficiency and combustion chamber ash. The dust combustion method uses “high quality” biomass, i.e. usually with a moisture content of less than 10% and a particle size of less than 1 mm. Such biomass undergoes a complex and expensive processing process, including, for example, grinding and drying to radically reduce moisture content and size. The article discusses the technological scheme for burning agricultural biomass of average quality, the working equipment by which this technological scheme is implemented, and the operating principle of this equipment. The implementation of this approach optimizes the biomass combustion process by constantly monitoring the temperature change inside the gasification chamber and supplying the mixture (biomass and substoichiometric air flow) into this chamber in accordance with the parameters of the heat-consuming equipment and the temperature values inside the chamber.