The right of real issues in German civilians' evaluation criteria for real encumbrances

Introduction: the author of the article believes that development of the system of corporeal rights in Russia, its replenishment with new types, including the rights of real issues, requires preliminary scientific study in the aspect of the domestic civil law. Purpose: based on works by German civilians, to show that an analogue of the right of real issues, namely, real encumbrances, neither fits into the traditional classification of the corporeal rights, nor corresponds to "an ideal image" of the corporeal right. In this connection, the German legislator was "sceptic" about them, though they were not excluded from the contents of the German Civil Code. Methods: methodological. framework of the research comprises a set of general and specific scientific methods of cognition, with the comparative and legal method being the main one. Results: based on the analysis of German civil doctrine, it is shown that the legal nature of real encumbrances is debatable, economic significance is not considerable, and the scope of application tends to decrease. It is reasoned that real encumbrances in Germany and, respectively, the right of real issue in Russia can be used mainly as a method to ensure support for an aged family member. Conclusions: as the scope of the right of real issues application is rather narrow, regulations of this institute shall have an evident social focus, providing a proprietary mechanism to protect the rights and interests of persons receiving property provision.