The subject of psychological science and the problem of explanation in psychology. First paper: difficulties of explanation

It is noted that psychological science faces great challenges associated with both changes in real human psychology and global problems. In this context, the problem of the transformation of psychological science, the revision of its subject and methodology is posed. The causes of this problem and approaches to its solution are considered on the example of explanation as the most important function of science. Based on the material of the concept of explanation by Piaget, it has been shown that modern psychology has still not largely gone beyond the limits of the new European rationalist tradition of one-dimensional determinism, which entails a narrow interpretation of the subject of psychological science and understanding of the explanation solely as causal, which inevitably leads to a reduction in mental to non-mental. The concept of mastering in psychology the achievement of non-classical science is formulated.