Prerequisites for the creation of an agrobiotechnology park as an element of innovation infrastructure

In the context of the technological transformation of the agro-industrial complex, agrobiotechnology parks are becoming a key tool for integrating science and production. High import dependence, limited adoption of biotechnologies, and insufficient processing infrastructure hinder the industry's development, necessitating the formation of innovative agro-industrial clusters to enhance the competitiveness and technological independence of agriculture. This study substantiates the feasibility of establishing the "Subtropics of Russia" agrobiotechnology park in Sochi, Krasnodar Territory, as a key element for the technological modernization of the agro-industrial complex and the formation of an export-oriented model of subtropical crop cultivation. The methodological framework of the research includes theories of cluster and spatial development, the triple helix concept, principles of noonomy, as well as tools of statistical, comparative, and spatial-economic analysis. These tools allow for the integration of natural-climatic, agroecological, logistical, and institutional parameters into a unified assessment of regional potential. The study relies on a dialectical approach, which facilitates the identification of interrelationships between agroclimatic characteristics, the dynamics of agricultural production, institutional constraints, and the tasks of technological modernization. The obtained results demonstrate that the region possesses a unique combination of agroclimatic, soil-ecological, and logistical advantages, providing a sustainable foundation for the concentration of high-tech production in subtropical crop cultivation. The developed conceptual model of the agrobiotechnology park reflects its potential to reduce import dependence, establish a system for the reproduction of virus-free planting material, develop breeding and genetic materials, implement digital agrotechnologies, and enhance the competitiveness of the agricultural sector. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the formation of a spatial-economic rationale for the location of an agrobiotechnology park, taking into account natural-resource, institutional, and logistical factors, as well as in the development of a territorially adapted model of a high-tech agro-industrial cluster focused on the development of subtropical crop cultivation. Its practical significance lies in the scientific and methodological substantiation for the creation of agrobiotechnology parks as a tool for achieving technological sovereignty and enhancing food security. Prospects for further research are associated with assessing the economic efficiency of such technopark structures and developing models of institutional support for their development.